The gender implications of large-scale land deals

This article introduces a discussion of gender dimensions into the growing debate on large-scale land deals. It addresses the current information gap on the differential gender effects of large-scale land deals through (1) an overview of the phases of large-scale land deals and discussion of related effects on rural men and women based on new literature on large-scale land deals and past literature on the gender effects of commercialization and contract farming; (2) a presentation of further evidence using several case studies on the gender effects of large-scale deals; and (3) a conclusion that looks at knowledge gaps and areas for further research as well as broad recommendations for gender equitable large-scale land deals.     

Territories of peace: alter-territorialities in Colombia’s San José de Apartadó Peace Community

ABSTRACT

Scholars are increasingly re-theorizing territory beyond the nation-state given Indigenous and Afro-descendant groups’ demands for ‘territory’ as they confront land grabbing in Latin America. Yet alternative territorialities are not limited to such ethnic groups. Based on 16 months of ethnographic research between 2011 and 2016, I explore the relational territoriality produced by a peasant ‘peace community’ in San José de Apartadó, Colombia. By tracing the collective political subject produced by the Peace Community’s active production of peace through a set of spatial practices, places and values, which include massacre commemorations, food sovereignty initiatives and Indigenous–peasant solidarity networks, this contribution presents a conceptual framework for analyzing diverse territorial formations.     

中国耕地保护制度演进及存在问题研究

耕地保护制度是耕地保护目标实现的重要保障,耕地概念和耕地保护内涵的科学界定则是耕地保护制度建设的基础。梳理建国以来我国耕地保护制度的演进,不难发现现行制度存在耕地概念不完整、主体利益不协调、法律和经济实施手段不完善以及质量和生产自然条件保护不足等问题,而尊重市场经济原则,运用经济手段、走法制化道路将是我国耕地保护制度建设的方向。     

我国封建社会农地制度历史流变及其当代启示

我国有着悠久的历史文明,在长达二千多年的封建历史长廊中,朝代的更替伴替着土地制度的变革与转换。回溯我国封建社会的农土制度的演进,解构这一时期农地制度的形成、发展、发达与覆灭,总结其中的实践主题、时代背景与演变规律,凝练出可值借鉴的对策建议。     

Indigenous land claims or green grabs? Inclusions and exclusions within forest carbon politics in Indonesia

In this paper we outline the new political conjuncture in forest governance emerging in Indonesia and trace how it is influencing the land claim strategies of an Indigenous community in Central Kalimantan. The new political conjuncture is comprised on three inter-related elements: a Constitutional Court decision to recognise Indigenous land claims; the development of the Reducing Emissions from Forest Degradation and Deforestation Plus (REDD+) forest carbon programme; and a national initiative known as One-map. Drawing on concepts of governmentality, assemblage and territoriality we trace how the Indigenous People’s Alliance of the Archipelago (AMAN) are using this moment to assemble a land claim in Bahanei. We find that the conjuncture is providing opportunities for Indigenous communities to engage with a new assemblage of interests normally associated with green grabs to claim land back from state and private interests. However, the romantic green Indigenous subjectivities the new political conjuncture requires to attract carbon investment rarely fit the heterogeneous make up of village life. This is leading to intimate exclusions based on ethnicity and class, raising troubling questions about the extent of overlap between land claims and green grabs.     

论承包土地稳定与流动的关系

当前许多地方对承包土地有一个片面的理解 ,认为承包土地稳定 ,就是不能动 ,动了就会违背国家的政策 ,其实这是对国家政策的一种误解 ,承包土地应在流动中稳定 ,在稳定的基础上流动。目前 ,应规范、完善和稳定农民的承包权 ,在稳定承包权的基础上 ,推进土地有序流动     

改革现行土地征收制度的法律思考——以保护农民利益为视角

我国现行的土地征收制度存在着诸多的缺陷,不利于在当前形势下保护被征地农民利益,已成为社会主义新农村建设和和谐社会建设的制约性瓶颈。改革现行土地征收制度,必须明确“公共利益”标准,严格控制土地征收范围;制定出科学、合理的征地补偿标准;界定明晰土地产权;增加征地透明度,赋予被征地农民知情权、参与权和起诉权;建立健全失地农民社会保障制度。     

论土地征收中的民事侵权行为

探讨土地征收中的民事侵权行为,对于保护农民利益、维护社会稳定、构建和谐社会具有重要意义。本文依据我国法律有关规定,就土地征收中的民事侵权行为的法律依据、构成要件和责任承担进行了分析,明确了解决相关问题的基本原则。     

论家庭承包取得的土地承包经营权抵押

根据我国担保法与农村土地承包法的规定，现行立法是禁止家庭承包取得的土地承包经营权抵押的。为促进土地资源的充分利用．实现农村经济发展．允许家庭承包取得的土地承包经营权抵押，从理论和现实两个方面分析都有可行性；并且对发展农业生产具有重要意义．家庭承包取得的土地承包经营权抵押功能的体现，需要法律上的支持和相关配套制度的构建。     

论我国现行土地征用补偿标准的不足及对策

我国现行土地征用补偿标准带有浓重的计划经济色彩,与我国目前市场经济体制不相适应。补偿标准的诸多缺陷不仅严重违背公平、正义之原则,也对国家的发展、社会的稳定产生严重隐患。文章通过分析我国现行土地征用补偿标准所存在的问题,就如何改革现行土地征用补偿标准,保护失地农民的利益提出了建议。